{
  "standard": "TBDS-1",
  "title": {
    "zh": "Trustbase 可引用事实规范",
    "en": "Trustbase Citable-Fact Standard"
  },
  "version": "0.1",
  "status": "draft",
  "published": "2026-10-12",
  "canonical_url": "https://trustbaselab.com/standard",
  "license": {
    "id": "CC-BY-4.0",
    "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International",
    "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "attribution_required": true,
    "statement_zh": "本规范文本以 CC BY 4.0 发布——可复制、可修改、可再分发、可用于商业产品、可基于它写自己的规范。唯一要求：署名。",
    "statement_en": "This specification text is published under CC BY 4.0 — copy, modify, redistribute, use in commercial products, and build your own standard on it. The only requirement is attribution."
  },
  "requirements_convention": "RFC2119 (MUST / MUST NOT / SHOULD / SHOULD NOT / MAY)",
  "purpose": {
    "zh": "本规范定义一组最小约定，让任意数据发布方都能产出「可被机器引用、且可被人复核」的事实记录。采用本规范不要求使用本平台的任何服务。",
    "en": "This specification defines a minimal set of conventions so that any data publisher can produce fact records that are machine-citable and human-verifiable. Adopting it requires no use of any service operated by this platform."
  },
  "terms": [
    {
      "term": "fact_record",
      "zh": "事实记录：一条关于世界的最小可引用断言，带稳定标识与来源",
      "en": "Fact record: a minimal citable assertion about the world, carrying a stable identifier and sources"
    },
    {
      "term": "assertion",
      "zh": "断言：记录的语义内容",
      "en": "Assertion: the semantic content of a record"
    },
    {
      "term": "source",
      "zh": "来源：支撑该断言的一手或二手材料",
      "en": "Source: primary or secondary material supporting the assertion"
    },
    {
      "term": "recheck",
      "zh": "复核：第三方仅凭记录自身即可重做验证",
      "en": "Recheck: a third party can redo the verification from the record alone"
    }
  ],
  "sections": [
    {
      "id": "2",
      "title": {
        "zh": "记录标识",
        "en": "Record identifiers"
      },
      "rules": [
        {
          "id": "TBDS-1-2.1",
          "level": "MUST",
          "machine_checkable": true,
          "zh": "每条事实记录 MUST 有一个稳定标识符（Stable ID）。",
          "en": "Every fact record MUST have a stable identifier."
        },
        {
          "id": "TBDS-1-2.2",
          "level": "MUST",
          "machine_checkable": true,
          "zh": "标识符 MUST 满足：唯一（全库不重复）· 稳定（一旦发布永不改变）· 可寻址（能凭它取回该记录）· 不承载易变语义（SHOULD NOT 编码会变的事实，如价格、状态）。",
          "en": "The identifier MUST be unique (no duplicates library-wide), stable (never changed once published), addressable (the record can be retrieved by it), and SHOULD NOT carry volatile semantics (do not encode facts that change, such as price or status)."
        },
        {
          "id": "TBDS-1-2.3",
          "level": "SHOULD",
          "machine_checkable": true,
          "zh": "标识符 SHOULD 遵循 `<前缀>-<序号>` 形式，前缀标识记录类型。",
          "en": "Identifiers SHOULD follow the form `<prefix>-<number>`, where the prefix identifies the record type."
        },
        {
          "id": "TBDS-1-2.4",
          "level": "MUST NOT",
          "machine_checkable": false,
          "zh": "标识符 MUST NOT 被回收或重新指派。记录失效时，标识符 MUST 保留并标记为失效（见 §7.3）。",
          "en": "Identifiers MUST NOT be recycled or reassigned. When a record becomes invalid, the identifier MUST be retained and tombstoned (see §7.3).",
          "note": "本规范最重要的一条。标识符可回收 = 引用不可靠 = 整套约定失去意义。"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "3",
      "title": {
        "zh": "断言分类",
        "en": "Assertion kind"
      },
      "rules": [
        {
          "id": "TBDS-1-3.1",
          "level": "MUST",
          "machine_checkable": true,
          "zh": "每条记录 MUST 声明 `assertion_kind`，取值限于 observation / compilation / derivation / model。",
          "en": "Every record MUST declare `assertion_kind`, one of observation / compilation / derivation / model."
        },
        {
          "id": "TBDS-1-3.2",
          "level": "MUST NOT",
          "machine_checkable": false,
          "zh": "`derivation` MUST NOT 被呈现为来源原文的陈述。",
          "en": "A `derivation` MUST NOT be presented as a statement made by the source."
        }
      ],
      "enum_ref": "assertion_kind"
    },
    {
      "id": "4",
      "title": {
        "zh": "来源分级（三轴）",
        "en": "Source grading (three axes)"
      },
      "rules": [
        {
          "id": "TBDS-1-4.1",
          "level": "MUST",
          "machine_checkable": true,
          "zh": "每个来源 MUST 在三条独立轴上分级——L（权威性）/ R（可重发性）/ AI（可投喂性）。三轴互不替代。",
          "en": "Every source MUST be graded on three independent axes — L (authority), R (reusability) and AI (AI-feedability). No axis substitutes for another."
        },
        {
          "id": "TBDS-1-4.2",
          "level": "MUST",
          "machine_checkable": true,
          "zh": "每个来源 MUST 记录 `reliance_page_url`（实际依据的条款页）与 `snapshot_at`（快照时间）。",
          "en": "Every source MUST record `reliance_page_url` (the terms page actually relied upon) and `snapshot_at`."
        },
        {
          "id": "TBDS-1-4.3",
          "level": "MUST",
          "machine_checkable": false,
          "zh": "来源条款页自相矛盾时，MUST 按最严者处理，并标记 `contradiction_flag`。",
          "en": "Where a source's terms pages contradict each other, the strictest reading MUST be applied and `contradiction_flag` set."
        },
        {
          "id": "TBDS-1-4.4",
          "level": "MUST",
          "machine_checkable": true,
          "zh": "数据若源自他方（再发布型来源），MUST 记录 `upstream`——上游权利不受下游许可保障。",
          "en": "Where data originates elsewhere (a republishing source), `upstream` MUST be recorded — upstream rights are not covered by downstream licences."
        }
      ],
      "enum_ref": "axes"
    },
    {
      "id": "5",
      "title": {
        "zh": "置信度",
        "en": "Confidence"
      },
      "rules": [
        {
          "id": "TBDS-1-5.1",
          "level": "MUST",
          "machine_checkable": true,
          "zh": "每条记录 MUST 有置信度：A（政府文件 / 官方公告核实）· B（企业自述 / 权威媒体）· C（待核实 / 存疑）。",
          "en": "Every record MUST carry a confidence level: A (verified against a government document or official announcement), B (company statement or authoritative media), C (unverified / doubtful)."
        },
        {
          "id": "TBDS-1-5.2",
          "level": "MUST",
          "machine_checkable": false,
          "zh": "置信度 MUST 由来源类型决定，MUST NOT 由编辑偏好决定。",
          "en": "Confidence MUST be determined by source type, MUST NOT by editorial preference."
        }
      ],
      "enum_ref": "confidence"
    },
    {
      "id": "6",
      "title": {
        "zh": "溯源字段",
        "en": "Provenance fields"
      },
      "rules": [
        {
          "id": "TBDS-1-6.1",
          "level": "MUST",
          "machine_checkable": true,
          "zh": "每条记录 MUST 至少带一个来源，且每个来源 MUST 含 `url` / `publisher` / `locator` / `retrieved_at` / `quote`。",
          "en": "Every record MUST carry at least one source, and each source MUST include `url`, `publisher`, `locator`, `retrieved_at` and `quote`."
        },
        {
          "id": "TBDS-1-6.2",
          "level": "MUST",
          "machine_checkable": true,
          "zh": "记录 MUST 含 `as_of`（该断言所依据材料的时点），且 MUST 与 `retrieved_at` 区分。",
          "en": "A record MUST carry `as_of` (the point in time the underlying material refers to) and MUST keep it distinct from `retrieved_at`."
        },
        {
          "id": "TBDS-1-6.3",
          "level": "SHOULD",
          "machine_checkable": true,
          "zh": "记录 SHOULD 含 `content_hash`（记录内容校验和）。",
          "en": "A record SHOULD carry `content_hash` (a checksum of the record content)."
        },
        {
          "id": "TBDS-1-6.4",
          "level": "MUST NOT",
          "machine_checkable": true,
          "zh": "无来源的记录 MUST NOT 被呈现为「已溯源」。",
          "en": "A record without sources MUST NOT be presented as sourced."
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "7",
      "title": {
        "zh": "版本与修订",
        "en": "Versioning and revision"
      },
      "rules": [
        {
          "id": "TBDS-1-7.1",
          "level": "MUST",
          "machine_checkable": false,
          "zh": "记录库 MUST 为追加式（append-only）：新事实只追加，不覆盖。",
          "en": "The record library MUST be append-only: new facts are appended, never overwritten."
        },
        {
          "id": "TBDS-1-7.2",
          "level": "MUST",
          "machine_checkable": true,
          "zh": "记录的每次变更 MUST 记入 `revision_log`（时间 + 变更内容 + 依据）。",
          "en": "Every change to a record MUST be logged in `revision_log` (timestamp, what changed, on what basis)."
        },
        {
          "id": "TBDS-1-7.3",
          "level": "MUST",
          "machine_checkable": true,
          "zh": "记录失效 MUST 以失效标记（tombstone）表达，而非删除。",
          "en": "Invalidation of a record MUST be expressed as a tombstone, not a deletion."
        },
        {
          "id": "TBDS-1-7.4",
          "level": "MUST",
          "machine_checkable": true,
          "zh": "MUST 提供「按标识符取回修订历史」的能力。",
          "en": "The publisher MUST provide the ability to retrieve a record's revision history by identifier."
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "8",
      "title": {
        "zh": "引用格式",
        "en": "Citation format"
      },
      "rules": [
        {
          "id": "TBDS-1-8.1",
          "level": "MUST",
          "machine_checkable": false,
          "zh": "引用本库记录时 MUST 保留：`<发布方名称> <记录标识符> <取回地址>（accessed <日期>）`。",
          "en": "When citing a record, the citer MUST retain: `<publisher name> <record identifier> <retrieval URL> (accessed <date>)`."
        },
        {
          "id": "TBDS-1-8.2",
          "level": "SHOULD",
          "machine_checkable": false,
          "zh": "引用 SHOULD 同时保留置信度与 `as_of`——「某时点的 A 级事实」与「一个数字」不是一回事。",
          "en": "A citation SHOULD also retain confidence and `as_of` — an A-grade fact as of a date is not the same thing as a number."
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "9",
      "title": {
        "zh": "纠错协议",
        "en": "Correction protocol"
      },
      "rules": [
        {
          "id": "TBDS-1-9.1",
          "level": "MUST",
          "machine_checkable": true,
          "zh": "发布方 MUST 提供一个公开、可提交的纠错通道。",
          "en": "The publisher MUST provide a public, submittable correction channel."
        },
        {
          "id": "TBDS-1-9.2",
          "level": "MUST",
          "machine_checkable": true,
          "zh": "MUST 承诺一个明确响应时限（建议 48 小时内首次响应）。",
          "en": "The publisher MUST commit to an explicit response time (48 hours to first response is recommended)."
        },
        {
          "id": "TBDS-1-9.3",
          "level": "MUST",
          "machine_checkable": false,
          "zh": "MUST 维护公开纠错档案——记录「我们推翻过什么宣称、依据是什么、何时」。",
          "en": "The publisher MUST maintain a public correction archive recording what claims were overturned, on what basis, and when."
        },
        {
          "id": "TBDS-1-9.4",
          "level": "MUST NOT",
          "machine_checkable": false,
          "zh": "付费 MUST NOT 影响核验结论。收费只能买「核验动作」，不能买「结论倾向」。",
          "en": "Payment MUST NOT influence a verification outcome. A fee may buy the verification act, never the direction of the conclusion."
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "10",
      "title": {
        "zh": "一致性声明",
        "en": "Conformance"
      },
      "rules": [
        {
          "id": "TBDS-1-10.1",
          "level": "SHOULD",
          "machine_checkable": false,
          "zh": "采用者 SHOULD 提供一个可执行的符合性自检，输出逐条判定。",
          "en": "An adopter SHOULD provide an executable conformance self-check producing a per-rule verdict."
        },
        {
          "id": "TBDS-1-10.2",
          "level": "MUST",
          "machine_checkable": false,
          "zh": "声明的符合性 MUST 可被第三方复现。",
          "en": "A declared conformance level MUST be reproducible by a third party."
        },
        {
          "id": "TBDS-1-10.3",
          "level": "MUST",
          "machine_checkable": false,
          "zh": "允许分级符合，但 MUST 如实声明已达层级——不得声称「完全符合」除非逐条属实。",
          "en": "Partial conformance is allowed, but the level reached MUST be declared truthfully — never claim full conformance unless every rule holds."
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "enums": {
    "assertion_kind": {
      "observation": {
        "zh": "直接观测（原始数据、监测值）",
        "en": "Direct observation (raw data, measured values)",
        "extra_requirement_zh": null,
        "extra_requirement_en": null
      },
      "compilation": {
        "zh": "来源原文即如此陈述",
        "en": "The source itself states it in these terms",
        "extra_requirement_zh": "MUST 带逐字引文",
        "extra_requirement_en": "MUST carry a verbatim quote"
      },
      "derivation": {
        "zh": "由多条证据归纳或推算得出",
        "en": "Derived by induction or computation from multiple pieces of evidence",
        "extra_requirement_zh": "MUST 带 method_id + 输入记录标识",
        "extra_requirement_en": "MUST carry method_id and the input record identifiers"
      },
      "model": {
        "zh": "模型输出（预测、估算）",
        "en": "Model output (forecast, estimate)",
        "extra_requirement_zh": "MUST 标注为模型产出",
        "extra_requirement_en": "MUST be marked as model-produced"
      }
    },
    "axes": {
      "L": {
        "zh": "权威性——回答「能不能当依据」",
        "en": "Authority — can this be relied on?",
        "values": {
          "L1": {
            "zh": "政府 / 国际组织 / 海关",
            "en": "Government / international organisation / customs"
          },
          "L2": {
            "zh": "标准组织 / 受监管交易所 / 智库",
            "en": "Standards body / regulated exchange / think tank"
          },
          "L3": {
            "zh": "行业协会 / 企业自述 / 官方媒体",
            "en": "Industry association / company self-statement / state media"
          },
          "L4": {
            "zh": "商业数据商 / 自媒体——禁用",
            "en": "Commercial data vendor / self-media — prohibited"
          }
        }
      },
      "R": {
        "zh": "可重发性——回答「能不能合法重发」",
        "en": "Reusability — can this be lawfully republished?",
        "values": {
          "R1": {
            "zh": "公有领域 / CC BY——可逐字摘录",
            "en": "Public domain / CC BY — verbatim excerpt allowed"
          },
          "R2": {
            "zh": "付费墙 / 版权作品——只可引用，quote 必须为空",
            "en": "Paywall / copyrighted — citation only, quote MUST be empty"
          },
          "R3": {
            "zh": "有条件（非商业 / 需申请）——站内引用可；商业化前需书面许可",
            "en": "Conditional (non-commercial / application required) — in-site citation allowed; written permission needed before commercial use"
          },
          "R4": {
            "zh": "商业数据商——禁用",
            "en": "Commercial data vendor — prohibited"
          }
        }
      },
      "AI": {
        "zh": "可投喂性——回答「能不能喂给 AI」",
        "en": "AI-feedability — can this be fed to AI?",
        "values": {
          "ai_permitted": {
            "zh": "条款无 AI 禁令——可进入面向 AI 的输出层",
            "en": "No AI prohibition in the terms — may enter AI-facing output layers"
          },
          "ai_prohibited": {
            "zh": "明文禁止 AI 摄取 / RAG / 训练——MUST NOT 出现在 MCP / API 等面向 AI 的输出层",
            "en": "Explicitly prohibits AI ingestion / RAG / training — MUST NOT appear in AI-facing output layers such as MCP or APIs"
          },
          "ai_unverified": {
            "zh": "条款未取得——降级为引用级，直至取得条款",
            "en": "Terms not obtained — downgraded to citation-only until terms are obtained"
          }
        }
      }
    },
    "confidence": {
      "A": {
        "zh": "政府文件 / 官方公告核实",
        "en": "Verified against government document or official announcement"
      },
      "B": {
        "zh": "企业自述 / 权威媒体",
        "en": "Company statement or authoritative media"
      },
      "C": {
        "zh": "待核实 / 存疑",
        "en": "Unverified / doubtful"
      }
    }
  },
  "fields": {
    "id": {
      "type": "string",
      "required": "MUST",
      "rule": "TBDS-1-2.1",
      "zh": "稳定标识符",
      "en": "Stable identifier"
    },
    "assertion_kind": {
      "type": "enum",
      "enum": "assertion_kind",
      "required": "MUST",
      "rule": "TBDS-1-3.1",
      "zh": "断言分类",
      "en": "Assertion kind"
    },
    "confidence": {
      "type": "enum",
      "enum": "confidence",
      "required": "MUST",
      "rule": "TBDS-1-5.1",
      "zh": "置信度",
      "en": "Confidence"
    },
    "as_of": {
      "type": "string",
      "format": "date or YYYY-MM",
      "required": "MUST",
      "rule": "TBDS-1-6.2",
      "zh": "材料时点",
      "en": "As-of date"
    },
    "retrieved_at": {
      "type": "string",
      "format": "ISO 8601 datetime",
      "required": "MUST",
      "rule": "TBDS-1-6.2",
      "zh": "取数时间",
      "en": "Retrieval timestamp"
    },
    "content_hash": {
      "type": "string",
      "required": "SHOULD",
      "rule": "TBDS-1-6.3",
      "zh": "内容校验和",
      "en": "Content checksum"
    },
    "revision_log": {
      "type": "array",
      "required": "MUST (on change)",
      "rule": "TBDS-1-7.2",
      "zh": "修订记录",
      "en": "Revision log"
    },
    "tombstone": {
      "type": "boolean/object",
      "required": "MUST (on invalidation)",
      "rule": "TBDS-1-7.3",
      "zh": "失效标记",
      "en": "Tombstone"
    },
    "sources": {
      "type": "array",
      "required": "MUST (>=1)",
      "rule": "TBDS-1-6.1",
      "zh": "来源数组",
      "en": "Source array"
    },
    "sources[].url": {
      "type": "string",
      "required": "MUST",
      "rule": "TBDS-1-6.1",
      "zh": "可访问的定位",
      "en": "Accessible locator"
    },
    "sources[].publisher": {
      "type": "string",
      "required": "MUST",
      "rule": "TBDS-1-6.1",
      "zh": "发布机构",
      "en": "Publishing body"
    },
    "sources[].locator": {
      "type": "string",
      "required": "MUST",
      "rule": "TBDS-1-6.1",
      "zh": "定位符（页码/章节/条款号）",
      "en": "Locator (page / section / clause)"
    },
    "sources[].retrieved_at": {
      "type": "string",
      "required": "MUST",
      "rule": "TBDS-1-6.1",
      "zh": "取数时间",
      "en": "Retrieval timestamp"
    },
    "sources[].quote": {
      "type": "string",
      "required": "MUST (may be empty)",
      "rule": "TBDS-1-6.1",
      "zh": "逐字引文；R2 来源 MUST 为空",
      "en": "Verbatim quote; MUST be empty for R2 sources"
    },
    "sources[].reliance_page_url": {
      "type": "string",
      "required": "MUST",
      "rule": "TBDS-1-4.2",
      "zh": "依据的条款页",
      "en": "Terms page relied upon"
    },
    "sources[].snapshot_at": {
      "type": "string",
      "required": "MUST",
      "rule": "TBDS-1-4.2",
      "zh": "条款快照时间",
      "en": "Terms snapshot time"
    },
    "sources[].upstream": {
      "type": "string/array",
      "required": "MUST (when republishing)",
      "rule": "TBDS-1-4.4",
      "zh": "上游来源",
      "en": "Upstream origin"
    }
  },
  "appendices": {
    "A": {
      "title": {
        "zh": "版本与演进（尽早发布原则）",
        "en": "Versioning and evolution (publish early)"
      },
      "points": [
        {
          "zh": "尽早发布：晚发的标准等于没发——格式之争由采用速度决定，不由设计正确决定。",
          "en": "Publish early: a standard published late is not published at all. Format contests are decided by adoption speed, not by design correctness."
        },
        {
          "zh": "版本化：每次变更递增版本，并记录变更理由。",
          "en": "Version everything: increment on every change and record the reason."
        },
        {
          "zh": "向后兼容优先：破坏性变更 MUST 说明理由并给出迁移期。",
          "en": "Backward compatibility first: a breaking change MUST state its reason and offer a migration window."
        },
        {
          "zh": "公开演进：变更 MUST 公开，MUST NOT 静默修改。",
          "en": "Evolve in public: changes MUST be published and MUST NOT be silent."
        }
      ]
    },
    "B": {
      "title": {
        "zh": "许可",
        "en": "Licence"
      },
      "zh": "本规范文本以 CC BY 4.0 发布。允许并鼓励：复制、修改、再分发、用于商业产品、基于它写自己的规范。唯一要求：署名。一份不能被自由采用的规范，不可能成为标准——标准的价值来自被采用的数量，不来自所有权。",
      "en": "This specification text is published under CC BY 4.0. Copying, modification, redistribution, use in commercial products and building your own standard on it are permitted and encouraged. The only requirement is attribution. A specification that cannot be freely adopted cannot become a standard: the value of a standard comes from how many adopt it, not from who owns it."
    },
    "C": {
      "title": {
        "zh": "最小可采纳集",
        "en": "Minimal adoption set"
      },
      "zh": "若只实现三条，请实现这三条。做到这三条，记录就已经「可被复核」了；其余是加强。",
      "en": "If you implement only three rules, implement these three. Doing so already makes a record recheckable; the rest is strengthening.",
      "rules": [
        {
          "id": "TBDS-1-2.1",
          "zh": "稳定标识——唯一、稳定、永不回收",
          "en": "Stable identifiers — unique, stable, never recycled"
        },
        {
          "id": "TBDS-1-6.1",
          "zh": "来源可追——每条带 url + publisher + locator + retrieved_at",
          "en": "Traceable sources — every record carries url + publisher + locator + retrieved_at"
        },
        {
          "id": "TBDS-1-7.3",
          "zh": "失效不删除——用 tombstone，不删记录",
          "en": "Invalidate, do not delete — tombstone instead of deleting"
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "conformance_levels": [
    {
      "id": "L1",
      "zh": "最小可采纳集（附录 C 三条）",
      "en": "Minimal adoption set (Appendix C)"
    },
    {
      "id": "L2",
      "zh": "机器可检规则全过（§2–§6 的可自动校验部分）",
      "en": "All machine-checkable rules pass (the automatable part of §2–§6)"
    },
    {
      "id": "L3",
      "zh": "全部 MUST 规则（含不可机检项，需人工举证）",
      "en": "All MUST rules, including non-machine-checkable ones, with manual evidence"
    },
    {
      "id": "L4",
      "zh": "全部 MUST + SHOULD 规则，且已提供可执行自检",
      "en": "All MUST and SHOULD rules, plus an executable self-check"
    }
  ]
}